What measures the elastic forces of the lungs? The difference between alveolar pressure and body surface pressureġ6. The pressure difference between two points in a tube or vessel How much does the normal pleural pressure change during quiet breathing? What is the pressure gradient at end-expiration?ġ3. What causes the pressure gradient change during respiration?Ī gas law that states that the volume and pressure of a gas have an inverse relationshipġ2. The change in pressure gradient from outside the body to the alveoli and lungs requires a pressure-gradient change in the opposite directionġ0. The change in pressure between two points What is the difference between atmospheric pressure and barometric pressure? What is the normal range for barometric pressure?ħ. The force exerted by the air that surrounds the bodyĦ. The process of taking air into the lungs and expelling it into the atmosphere The exchange of gases providing the blood and tissues with oxygen and removing excess carbon dioxide The gas exchange between pulmonary capillaries and the alveoli The gas exchange between systemic capillaries and cells With moderate exercise, minute ventilation can double, and with hard exercise, it can reach $40Lpm$. For example, tidal volumes of $500$ to $600$ mL at $12 - 14$ breaths per minute result in minute ventilations of $6.0$ to $8.4L$. Note: Minute ventilation is usually between $5$ and $8$ litres a minute $(Lpm)$. The total volume of gas entering (or exiting) the lung per minute is known as minute ventilation $\left( \] Hint: The amount of air found in the respiratory tract segments responsible for conducting air to the alveoli and respiratory bronchioles but do not participate in the gas exchange process itself is referred to as anatomic dead space.
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